Thursday, September 3, 2020

Instant Noodles free essay sample

Despite the fact that Tingyi expanded its selling cost in April 2011 by RMB0. 50 for every pack (normal of 15%) to balance increasing costs, Chinese buyers are inconceivably faithful to Master Kong’s items to a great extent on account of the company’s brand mindfulness and market entrance. In this way, Tingyi has no dread of losing piece of the pie particularly since its rivals likewise need to build selling costs under the pressure of increasing expenses. Thusly, in accordance with China’s rising CPI, unit costs for moment noodles expanded by 11% in 2010 and 9% in 2011. Ace Kong, wagering on China's ceaselessly rising thriving, expects to turn out increasingly mid-and top of the line moment noodles rather than base end ones. Tingyi propelled 12 new flavors (counting â€Å"Northeast Stew,† â€Å"Da Lu Xiang Yan,† â€Å"Jiangnan Delicacy,† â€Å"Local Grills† and â€Å"Chen Pao Feng Yun†) a year ago so as to interest consumers’ local inclinations. Besides, Tingyi has concentrated on advancing its assistant image, Shimianbafan, under the singed noodles classification. We will compose a custom article test on Moment Noodles or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page What's more, the current wellbeing pattern has spread to China and offers extraordinary potential for Tingyi. Thus, Tingyi may consider creating more advantageous choices including non-seared noodles, rice noodles, and noodles with roughage grains. Tingyi’s’s â€Å"soup noodle †soup based vermicelli† item has become the quickest development vermicelli brand where Tingyi is attempting to target pink-neckline laborers in the city. With ever-changing buyer requests in China, Tingyi is proceeding to expand results and pieces of the pie through auxiliary alterations of its items.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Indian Textile Industry Essay Example for Free

Indian Textile Industry Essay Indian material industry A diagram material industry in India is one of the cheerful divisions of Indian market. It supplies in excess of thirteen percent to exchange creation, 16. 63 percent to send out incomes and four percent to the countries GDP. In the anticipated year, the industry is to make roughly twelve million profession openings with an endeavor of US dollar six billion in the field of material devices and structure, and article of clothing fabricating before the finish of 2015. Association service of Textiles ensured Apparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC) has taken the unwavering quality to persuade the abroad agents to put resources into Indian Textile industry by uncovering it immense obscure local market. It has likewise arranged and approved the witticism of arrive at the goal, spend, create and exchange India. Under this insightful, the service has settled on a choice to send a few delegates to Germany, Switzerland, France, Italy and US. The intention is to enact the abroad endeavor towards material element in India by offering a few awards to universal agent like ease representatives and scholarly right stronghold. The legislature of India has likewise consented to the proposition to help the material business by favoring hundred percent Foreign Direct Investment in the market. Attributable to the uprights and immediately fused materials cost grouping (value chain), the Indian material industry connotes an intense resource in the complete worth chain from crude items to completed items. The Synthetic and Rayon Textile Export Promotion Council (SRTEPC) has found a way to meet the objective of multiplying the manufactured material fare in India to US $6. 2 billion by snatching four percent of piece of the overall industry by monetary year 2011-2012. Mulling over the relentless assets in the material business, the Govt. of India may conceivably broaden the Technology Up degree Fund Scheme (TUFS) before the finish of the eleventh Five Year Plan-in the money related year of 2011-2012 so as to lengthen the business. Indian material industry is exceptionally giving to meet the focused on creation of $ 85 billion in the time of 2011, expecting fares of more than $ 50 billion which was in year 2010. There is enormous advancement anticipated in Indian material fares from the $ 17 billion achieved in the time of 2005 - 2006 to $ 50 billion continuously of 2009-2010. The appraisal for the fares in the current monetary year is about $ 19billion. There is huge potential in Indias fares of specialized materials and home materials, as most European organizations want to set up offices close by the developing markets, for example, China and India. Along these lines, the eventual fate of Indian material industry is splendid, as it has open up the market for universal representatives.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Ancient Roman Water Systems

Old Roman Water Systems Ann Olga Koloski-Ostrow, a Brandeis classicist who has examined the Roman restroom, says, There are no old sources where you can truly find out about day by day life[...] You need to happen upon data nearly by some coincidence. That implies its difficult to address all the inquiries or to state with any certainty that this bit of data about the restroom propensities for the Roman Empire applies to the Republic also. With that alert, here is some of what we contemplate the water arrangement of antiquated Rome. Roman Aqueducts The Romans are famous for building wonders, among which is the reservoir conduit that conveyed water for some miles so as to furnish a packed urban populace with generally sheltered, consumable water, just as less basic however extremely Roman amphibian employments. Rome had nine water passages when of the specialist Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 35â€105), selected keeper aquarum in 97, our primary antiquated hotspot for the water flexibly. The first of these was worked in the fourth century B.C. what's more, the rearward in the main century A.D. Reservoir conduits were manufactured in light of the fact that the springs, wells, and Tiber River were done giving the protected water that was required for the expanding urban populace. Water systems Listed by Frontinus: In 312 B.C., the Appia Aqueduct was fabricated 16,445 meters long.Next was the Anio Verus, worked between 272-269, and 63,705 meters.Next was the Marcia, worked between 144-140 and 91,424 meters.The next water channel was the Tepula, worked in 125, and 17,745 meters.The Julia was worked in 33 B.C. at 22,854 meters.The Virgo was worked in 19 B.C., at 20,697 meters.The next water system is the Alsientina, whose date is obscure. Its length is 32,848.The last two water passages were worked somewhere in the range of 38 and 52 A.D. Claudia was 68,751 meters.The Anio Novus was 86,964 meters. The Drinking Water Supply Water didn't go to all occupants of Rome. Just the rich had private assistance and the rich were as prone to occupy and thus, take, the water from the reservoir conduits as anybody. Water in habitations just arrived at the most minimal floors. Most Romans got their water from a continually running open wellspring. Showers and Latrines Reservoir conduits additionally provided water to open toilets and showers. Restrooms served 12-60 individuals on the double without any dividers for protection or bathroom tissue just a wipe on a stick in the water to go around. Luckily, water went through the toilets continually. A few toilets were intricate and may have been entertaining. Showers were all the more plainly a type of diversion just as cleanliness. Sewers and The Cloaca Maxima At the point when you live on the sixth floor of a stroll up with no lavatory for obstructs, the odds are youll utilize a chamber pot. What do you do with its substance? That was the inquiry that confronted numerous an insula tenant in Rome, and many replied in the most clear way. They dumped the pot out the window onto any wanderer bystander. Laws were composed to manage this, however it despite everything went on. The favored demonstration was to dump solids into sewers and pee into tanks where it was energetically gathered and even purchased by fullers who required the alkali in their robe cleaning business. The fundamental sewer of Rome was the Cloaca Maxima. It exhausted into the Tiber River. It was most likely worked by one of the Etruscan rulers of Rome to deplete the swamps in the valleys between the slopes. Sources By Donna Desrochers, Classicist burrows profound for truth about lavatories, cleanliness propensities for antiquated Romans, Roger D. Hansen, Water and Wastewater Systems in Imperial Rome Lanciani, Rodolfo, The Ruins of Ancient Rome. Benjamin Blom, New York.

Saturday, June 20, 2020

Mapul vs MindMeister Comparing Mind Mapping Software

Mind Mapping was developed by a researcher in the UK, Tony Buzan and was first mentioned in his book, â€Å"Use Your Head† published over forty years ago. Mind Mapping is essentially a graphical representation of the connections between bits of information, or ideas. In a mind map, lines or curves, called branches, link ideas together, called nodes, to create an interconnected but informal web of information. Mind Mapping has been used since its development for a multitude of things including problem-solving and brainstorming. Early mind mapping was done by hand with paper and pencil, but the progress of technology means there is now a multitude of software applications available for mind mapping. In this article, we’re going to compare the features of just two of these, Mapul vs  MindMeister. How Can Writers Use Mind Mapping? Mind Mapping is useful for virtually any brainstorming or problem-solving session. When it comes to writing, the possibilities are truly endless. Use Mind Mapping for more formal components of writing like plot order or use it for the myriad of writing-related things like brainstorming ideas for scenes or even possible titles or characters for your current WIP. Other ways writers can use Mind Mapping include: brainstorming story, blog post, or article ideas character development (physical traits, quirky habits, occupation, relationships, history, etc.) uncover character motivation (childhood events, traumatic experiences, etc.) world development (history, geography, climate, currency, time, politics, government, rivals, etc.) break out of writer’s block identify possible solutions to a character problem identify or solve plot problems uncover reasons for procrastination whatever else you need to brainstorm or problem solve Mapul vs MindMeister: Getting Started MindMeister does offer a free basic version; the link is near the bottom of their website page. You can get started with just your name, email, and a password. Mapul also offers an opportunity to try its mind mapping software for free after you provide just an email and a password. It takes very little time to be up and running in either mind mapping program. Mapul vs MindMeister Interface In Mapul, click the + at the top left to create a new map. You can do the same in MindMeister to start a new map. Both programs offer the ability to modify the visual appeal of your map by altering the background or font colors, the font size or type. Both programs provide the capacity to drag and drop the entire map at any location on the page. To create branches in Mapul, start from the center and pull outward to the desired length. In MindMeister, new branches are created with keystrokes using enter or the tab key. Both programs appear to be equally as flexible in letting you add images such as icons or clip art to your mind map. Both programs allow you to create a note providing additional details about different elements. You can also add links to both programs. MindMeister is hands down the more robust program. It includes far more icons and options for customization than Mapul. One feature that is especially appealing was that Mapul offers the ability to indicate either a thumb up or thumb down for each idea on your mind map. This feature is helpful for getting feedback from others on ideas on a collaborative project or for example in a classroom to survey student support of different ideas presented on the map. To my surprise, MindMeister takes this feature to the next level by providing a multitude of choices including different colored flags and checkmarks and even emoticons. Mapul vs MindMeister Visual The visual appearance of the Mapul mind maps for me was more appealing from the start than the MindMeister ones. The MindMeister maps were very streamlined, almost sterile and seemed to use preset shapes like the ones you’d find in MS Word. The Mapul interface uses the visual concept of a tree in its mind maps. The branches look like tree branches and can be modified to be different lengths, different thicknesses, etc. However, even though Mapul mind maps were more aesthetically pleasing and intriguing, MindMeister is more intuitive when it comes to entering your ideas into the mind map. In Mapul, you must manually draw the branch using your mouse and then enter your text for that branch. It’s also harder to move a branch or correct a mistake. MindMeister uses the enter key to generate new branches (parent) and tab to create new sub-branches (child nodes). Relying on the keyboard rather than the mouse as a tool for adding branches seems to let ideas flow quicker and without interruption. Pricing: Mapul vs  MindMeister Mapul Cost The basic Mapul version is free, but it limits you to creating one map at a time with a limit of up to 4 upload images. It does allow you to save your map as SVG or JPG or share and collaborate with others using a private or public link. So, in theory you could save the map to your drive or as an image and start a new map if needed. The premium version of Mapul is available at the cost of $25 for three months. At the time of this review, there is currently an option available to buy a 6-month subscription for $35 and a 12-month subscription for $50, significant savings. Paid subscription plans at any level provide access to all additional features including the ability to use handwritten branches, a brainstorming mode, and even a backup and restore beta feature. MindMeister Cost MindMeister allows you up to 3 mind maps with the free version but no storage. You can import from text files, as well as Freemind, XMind, MindManager and of MindMeister files and export to text and MindMeister formats. There’s no collaboration with the free version, and many other advanced features are not accessible. MindMeister offers three additional paid levels in a 6-month subscription. The Personal ($36 for 6-months), Pro ($60), and Business ($90) levels come with access to additional features such as unlimited maps and images and storage needed for project work and team mind mapping. Some of the additional features include things such as email support, uploading images, chat, collaboration, group sharing, and even the ability to export to MS Word and PowerPoint formats. Mapul vs  MindMeister: Overall Impression Both programs are helpful in their way as a mind map tool. The simple and scaled back options available in Mapul are less distracting. The colorful and curvy branches and use of the mouse to draw the branches may appeal to those with a more creative or artistic nature. The streamlined look of the MindMeister maps appeals to those who prefer order and to those for whom visual appearance is less of a priority. Freelancers and writers who procrastinate or who love to tweak will get lost in all the icon and formatting options so take this as a forewarning. It can be addictive! Both programs have the slideshow/presentation feature, but in MindMeister, the Wunderkind feature which searches Google for images to go with your topic provides even more icon options. In MindMeister, you can also search YouTube by subject for videos to embed in your mind map. MindMeister can also integrate your mind map with their product called MeisterTask to create to-do lists and manage projects using task lists, due dates, visually moving tasks to show progress, and by delegating work to others. If you’re looking for distraction-free brainstorming before you begin writing or to quickly problem-solve a character or world building issue, my recommendation is Mapul. For those who are software power users or love lots of options and choices, you will find MindMeister well worth the price.

Monday, May 18, 2020

Overview of the ACA Code of Ethics - 680 Words

Introduction The dynamics between the human dimensions and the professional demands of conducting a counseling practice has been the subject of a considerable amount of literature in the field. Indeed, it is a focus in counselor preparation programs. It not possible to segregate who we are as people and what we do as professionals. These two aspects of our lives are inexorably linked. The dynamics are such that the one impacts the other, while influence may be dominant in a particular direction, there is an inescapable mutuality. Further, research suggests that the individual attributes of the counselor have the most critical influence on therapeutic outcomes and have at least as much impact on client/ counselor relationship quality as the counselors techniques and theory do (Corey, 2010). A.10 d. Bartering. Counselors may barter only if the relationship is not exploitive or harmful and does not place the counselor in an unfair advantage, if the client requests it, and if such arrangements are an accepted practice among professionals in the community. Barter, as a way of providing equivalent compensation for goods or services, is an established practice in many cultures. But this is typically not the case in contexts in which counselors are credentialed and licensed to practice. At the simplest level, bartering poses the problem of establishing a fair exchange. Determination of fairness is always impacted by the perceptions of the bartering partners. A primaryShow MoreRelatedCounseling Services For A Counselor1565 Words   |  7 Pagesrelevant ACA and/or ASCA codes and the textbook. a) There are several times that a counselor might need to decline to provide counseling services. If a counselor is not competent in a specific area, has determined distance counseling is ineffective, and/or has been engaged in a previous sexual or romantic relationship with an individual counselors should not engage in, or continue, counseling services. Counselors also should not enter into counseling relationships with friends or family. ACA A.11.aRead MoreThe Difference between Administrative and Clinical Supervision1538 Words   |  6 Pagesadministrative and clinical supervision and the respective purpose, rights of the supervisee, and the importance of supervisor competence. A summary of the research and important findings are presented in the conclusion. Review and Analysis Background and Overview Although professional standards were promoted throughout the 20th century in a wide range of settings (Centore Milacci, 2008), it has only within the last quarter century or so that the counseling profession established a formal entity calledRead MoreEthics, Ethical, And Ethics2630 Words   |  11 PagesAbstract The research paper discussed ethics in groups and it’s correlation to ethics in counseling. The paper was broken down into five parts: introduction, definition, examples of ethical code, peer reviewed articles are discussed to include various topics such as: ethical violations, causes of these violations, biblical perspectives, management techniques, and conclusion. A description was discussed in order to assist students with a brief overview of ethics. Data from reliable sources will be illustratedRead MoreMental Health Care : Intentional Misdiagnosis Of Mental Disorders770 Words   |  4 PagesOverview of the Article Many mental health counselors work with managed care organizations (MCOs) to provide services to clients. While managed care guidelines determine how counselors deliver services and what they will be reimbursed for, many counselors are upset with how limiting the guidelines are. It is a challenge for counselors when insurance reimbursement is denied because the MCOs are not honoring DSM codes (Braun Cox, 2005). Therefore, counselors tend to submit inaccurate diagnoses thatRead MoreThe Campus Of The University Of California1764 Words   |  8 PagesOverview: On the campus of the University of California, Tatiana Tarasoff was killed by Prosenjit Poddar just two months after being detained by campus police for making such threats in a counseling session. According to Public Health Law, Poddar expressed that he was going to carry out the action of murder during two different counseling sessions, which his psychologist, Dr. Moore, had no choice but to have him detained. He was released after promising to stay away from Tarasoff, however, he followedRead MoreRegardless Of The State In Which They Are Operating, Mental1151 Words   |  5 Pagesdecisions that were made by the state courts in their charge. This paper will seek to outline the laws that pertain to confidentiality, duty to warn, mandatory reporting, and privilege in the state of Texas. This overview will be guided by the American Counseling Association (ACA) code of ethics. Summary The first case presented involved mandatory reporting. The case itself involved a foster child, and the foster child’s parents who brought the child into the emergency room, unconsciousRead MorePersonal Reflections And Values Of A Mental Health Practitioner2826 Words   |  12 Pagesat the same time with a client. The following paper will look to address a literature review of dual relationships along with a review of the California Association of Marriage and Family Therapist (CAMFT) and American Counseling Association (ACA) ethics codes regarding the topic. I will further provide personal reflections and values as they relate to dual relationships. In closing I will provide an ethical resolution to a hypothetical case and provide final thoughts. Introduction In clinical practiceRead MoreThe American Counseling Association ( ACA ) Website1459 Words   |  6 PagesTThe American Counseling Association (ACA) website is a very resourceful website especially for new counselors. It consists of various items from informing an individual of the benefits of being a member of ACA to allowing members to access the ACA’s code of ethics for reference at any point (cite). From the abundance of information given on the website, five sections caught my attention. All five seemed very helpful for a new counselor or for those in the process of becoming a new counselor. TheRead MoreQuestions On Entering A Legal And Ethical Course2647 Words   |  11 PagesIn this section, discuss your initial apprehensions about entering into a legal and ethical course. What have you learned that has helped attend to those apprehensions? (25 pts) My initial nervousness about taking a legal and ethics class is whole idea of analyzing legal case studies. Just the thought of studying anything that has to do with the law, makes me slightly uncomfortable. The reason for this probably stems from my lack of background knowledge on the ins-and-outs of the entireRead MoreSocial And Cultural Diversity For Counseling Association For Alcoholism And Drug Abuse Counselors2002 Words   |  9 PagesThe object of this paper is to give an overview of social and cultural diversity by identifying personal memories of contacts with other cultures and describing experiences associated with these contacts. This paper will give a complete definition, with regard to every detail, of what it means to be a subtle racist. In addition, it will give an account of why people of the same ethnic group can have significant differences in their values and perceptions of the world. Finally, this paper will state

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Education Is The Most Important Thing - 1364 Words

Throughout elementary or high school students have always been told that education is the most important thing to gain in life. That education will help get students to places and to help them to achieve their dreams and goals. That concept throughout our society in the United States is fading away, leaving thousands of students into crippling debt that they will be paying throughout the majority of their lives. Due to the rising amount of tuition students are often obligated to forget about their education and start working off the bat when they graduate from high school. In 1987 the cost of private school or universities the tuition average was around 13,000 thousand dollars and public college tuition estimated at 3000 dollars. In comparison the tuition in 1987 and 2008 tuition has increased over 439 percent. On the flipside families income has only increased 147 percent since 1987, only the very wealthy will able to attend college without the fear of being neck deep into debt. As in 2012 the average cost of higher education for students who enrolled into private colleges has risen to 120,000 dollars. If the pattern continues and most likely it will, in 2028 students are predicted to pay tuition as high as 340,000 dollars if they do attend private schools. The increasing tuition amount is having students pleading to banks to for loans. With all the students loans the national student debt has reached over 1 trillion dollars in total. The national student debtShow MoreRelatedEducation Is The Most Important Thing1073 Words   |  5 PagesEducation is a weapon, whose effect depends on who holds it in his hands and at whom it is aimed. Values in life are what people live for everyday. Having values gives them passion, motivation, and happiness in the things they do. Everyday America wakes up looking forward towards something that they love to do. A student at Fort Dodge Senior High values education and freedom. 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Computation Of Net Capital Loss For Year †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Computation Of Net Capital Loss For Year? Answer: Introducation Since the past one year, Eric had taken various attempts to procure some assets and based on the question, it can be assumed that he has held these assets for less than one year. As per Kenny et. al (2017) taxability of capital gain arises when the selling price of an asset exceeds its cost base. The indexation benefit will not accrue to Eric, as the assets are not held for more than a year. The classification of the assets procured by Eric must be done based on their respective heads: Assets intended for personal use A person for their own enjoyment or use buys these assets but it does not include collectibles. Besides, when these assets are sold to another person, taxability of capital gain does not incur when the procurement cost of such assets is less than or equal to $10000. Based on the question, the following personal assets have been acquired by Eric (Kenny et. al, 2017). The first asset is a home sound system with an acquisition cost of $12000 and the second asset is the shares of a listed company with an acquisition cost of $5000. Collectibles A person purchases these assets for enjoyment or personal efficacies and taxability of capital gain does not accrue if the procurement cost is less than or equal to $500. Further, based on the given information, the following collectibles have been acquired by Eric. The first asset is painting with an acquisition cost of $9000, the second asset is an antique chair with an acquisition cost of $3000, and the last asset is an antique vase with an acquisition cost of $2000 respectively (Renton, 2005). Considering the above scenario, the following formula can be utilized for the computation of capital gain for assets held for less than a year. Capital Proceeds of the above assets (Amounts in dollars) Particulars Cost Base of Assets Capital Proceeds of Assets Net Capital Gain/ (Net Capital Loss) Home Sound System 12,000 11000 (1000) Loss Shares in listed company 5,000 20000 15000 Gain Painting 9,000 1000 (8000) Loss Antique Chair 3,000 1000 (2000) Loss Antique Vase 2,000 3000 1000 Gain Net Capital Gain/Loss 5000 Gain Important notes: All assets intended for personal use are acquired for more than $10000 and therefore, taxability of capital gain is applicable. All collectibles are acquired for more than $500 and therefore, taxability of capital gain is applicable. Capital losses for the entire year have been set-off with capital gain to ascertain the net gain or loss Brians employer has offered him a three-year loan with a special one percent rate of interest that must be repaid to him in monthly installments. Such loan of $1 million comes under the purview of loan fringe benefits that are offered by an employer to their employees with an interest rate lesser than the prevailing market rate of interest on the loan. Furthermore, in order to compute the taxability of such benefit, such prevailing statutory interest rate must also be taken into account. Based on the given question, the statutory interest rate will be 5.65% because the loan was offered on April 1, 2016. In this step, such loan fringe benefit must be computed after discarding the deductible rule and for such purpose; the interest on the loan based on the actual rate of interest must be subtracted from interest on the loan based on the statutory rate of interest. Therefore, interest based on statutory interest= $1000000 * 5.65% = $56,500 Similarly, interest based on actual interest= $1000000 * 1% = $10000 The taxable value shall be the difference betwixt both that is $56,500 - $10,000 = $46,500 Second step: Brian must compute the interest based on statutory interest rate after assuming that such amount is the real amount payable. Therefore, interest based on such rate = $1000000 * 5.65% = $56,500 Third step: Since forty percent of the loan has been utilized for meeting future obligations, Brian must compute his tax-deductible interest expense (hypothetical) as $56,500 * 40% = $22,600 Fourth step: Since forty percent of the loan has been utilized for meeting future obligations, Brian must compute his tax-deductible interest expense (real figure) as $10000 * 40% = $4,000 After all the above steps, the actual amount must be subtracted from the hypothetical figure to arrive at a conclusion. Hence, $22,600 - $4,000 = $18,600 The final amount must be computed by subtracting the amount determined in the fifth step from that of the amount in the first step. Therefore, $46,500 - $18,600 = $27,900 Nevertheless, if such interest had been payable at the termination of the loan instead of usual monthly repayments, then the deemed period of such loan would be assumed from the time when such interest will become payable or is paid respectively (Sadiq et. al,, 2014). Besides, if there is no obligation on the part of Brian to repay the interests, then the computation must be done in the same way but by considering the actual interest rate to be zero. Both Jack and Jill agreed to borrow some money in order to rent a property wherein Jack also agreed to only 10% of the profits in contrast to 90% of the same to his wife Jill. Besides, Jack also agreed to bear the entire loss and Jill was freed of such burden. Therefore, the loss of $1000 that incurred in the last year must be borne by Jack himself and Jill has no other obligation in respect of the same. Besides, such loss can be set off with other incomes of Jack so that he can arrive at a net income or loss for the year. In addition, Jack also has a right to carry forward these losses for subsequent years. In the event of a decision to sell the property, either gain or loss can arrive for Jack and Jill. If there is a loss, the entire amount must be borne by Jack and he has full right to carry forward the same in subsequent years or utilize the same in the current year to ascertain his net income or loss (Saunders, 2015). On the other hand, if there is a gain, the amount must be apportioned betwixt Jack and Jill in the ratio of 10:90, and Jack has complete right to set off such loss of $1000 that may arise from the gain after selling the property. On a whole, the conclusion is that Jack is able to set off the losses of last year in the present year if there is some income arriving from the sale of the property (Kobestky, 2005). Besides, if Jack does not have any gain in the current year, such loss must be borne by him and Jill is free of such responsibility. Therefore, the tax treatment cannot affect Jill in any circumstances whereas Jack is under an obligation to bear such losses in his books. It can be witnessed from the case of IRC v Duke of Westminster [1936] AC 1 that every individual has full right to make use of legal means and strategies in a way that can assist them in decreasing their total income at the end of the year. This means that if an individual succeeds in doing so, the Commissioners of Inland Revenue are under no authority to question the same and exert pressure upon the person to enhance his payable tax (Kenny, 2016). On a whole, such rule can be allowed only when the individual utilizes fair means to decrease his total income at the year-end, thereby decrease his total tax payable to the authority. This clearly signifies that the case accommodates the following principles: Every individual has complete right to make use of strategic measures in order to manage their accounts in a way that can assist them in decreasing their total income (Kenny, 2016). If no immoral or unethical procedures are adopted, then no further taxes shall be implemented upon that individual. Besides, if legal means are adopted for decreasing the total tax payable to the authority, then no one can question the validity of the same and force the person to pay an increased amount of tax. The previously mentioned rule was valid somehow until the appearance of new case laws in the current scenario. As a result, the ideology of observing accounts has become different from what was before. The significance of the rule in the current situation can be stated in the following manner (Latimer, 2012): The given rule holds true even in the present environment because it prevents organizations to influence their accounts in a way that can grant additional advantage to them. Besides, the rule also offers a legal right to operate the business affairs in a genuine way. For example, if a business enterprise is encountering immense losses in a year that restricts it to address its obligations; such business can alter its balance sheet amounts and write off their fixed assets to their respective carrying values (Greene, 2013). Further, if the businesses do not pursue properly authenticated documents to justify the transaction, they can still do so. However, if unethical means are adopted by the businesses to alter their accounts, then the rule prevents them from doing so. On a whole, any transaction that assists a business in operating effectively is valid in the eyes of law and must not be questioned upon by any authority. There are various big pine trees in a piece of land that is owned by Bill and he intends to use the same for grazing sheep. However, for complying with such desire, the clearance of such trees is vital. Therefore, he hires a logging company who shall offer him $1000 for every 100 meters of timber. The main question behind such ideology is that whether the tax is applicable on Bill for the amount obtained by the logging company. Besides, since the given question does not clarify the fact what is the exact amount of receipts obtained after clearing such trees, it can be considered a revenue receipt in the hands of Bill (Woellner et. al, 2017). This means that capital gain tax does not accrue upon Bill in this regard. If Bill attains a lump sum amount of $50000 for allowing the logging company to remove the timber from his land, the same amount must be regarded as a capital receipt in the hands of Bill. The reason behind this can be attributed to the fact that this payment is lump sum in nature and there is no recurring receipt. Further, this transaction also occurs because of the offering of the right to a party to remove the trees from the land. Therefore, on a whole, since it is a case of lump sum receipt, the same must be considered a capital receipt and hence, taxable under capital gain in the hands of Bill (Barcokzy, 2010). In both the above scenarios, Bill is attaining the money. In the first given case, the receipt in the hands of Bill is recurring and small in nature while in the second case, the receipt in the hands of Bill is not recurring in nature and there is an offering of the right to the party to comply with the requirement of clearing the trees. Moreover, the same receipt is a bigger one and is also a one-time receipt because once the trees are terminated from the land; it will consume some amount of time to grow once again. Therefore, as Bill in the second case is receiving enormous amount after giving a right to the opposite party, this transaction can be considered as selling an asset to a company for a lump sum consideration. Besides, in taxation law, when one party sells an asset to another party for a consideration, the same shall be considered a capital receipt and taxable in his hands (Fullerton et.al, 2017). In contrast to this, since the first case does not attract any capital gain tax, it must be treated under normal tax rates and not capital gains. 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